Nestled in the north of the Rhône Valley on the left bank of the eponymous river, the Crozes-Hermitage appellation is a jewel of French wine heritage. Known for its bold red wines (and less so for its whites, which are nonetheless refined), the AOC takes its name from the famous neighboring Hermitage hill.
In this article, we invite you to discover the fascinating history of this appellation, the secrets of its unique terroirs, and the characteristics that make Crozes-Hermitage wines true gems.
So, ready to learn more? Let La Cave Éclairée yourself be carried away on a magnificent wine journey !
History of the Crozes-Hermitage AOC
Did you know that vines were already present during Antiquity on the terroir of Crozes-Hermitage?
It was in fact Greek settlers who planted the first vines in the Rhône Valley. Then, in the 1st century BC, the Romans, who had also spotted the winegrowing potential of the region, significantly developed the wine trade there.
At the time, Syrah was already present on this terroir. It was indeed during this same period that the variety was created by a natural cross between the grape varieties Dureza and Mondeuse blanche.
In the Middle Ages, winegrowing in the region continued to develop, supported by the Church. According to legend, it was during this same period that the Hermitage hill gained a quasi-mythical status. According to legend, a knight returning from the Crusades is said to have found refuge there as a hermit, thus giving the name " Hermitage " to the hill.
During the Renaissance, in the 16th and 17th centuries, the popularity of wines from the Hermitage region continued to grow. The wines of the Rhône Valley were then prized by the kings of France, notably François I and later Louis XIV.
In the 18th century, the region experienced a major turning point. With the expansion of trade and the improvement of river transport routes, Crozes-Hermitage wines began to be exported more systematically to other regions of Europe and even beyond. Wine thus became a true source of wealth for the inhabitants of the region, and merchants played an important role in the growth of sales.
Finally, the 20th century was ultimately the time of consecration for Crozes-Hermitage. In 1937, the appellation was officially created with, at the outset, a delimited area covering only a few plots in the village of Crozes-Hermitage. Then, in 1952, its geographical area was finally extended.
Today, the Crozes-Hermitage AOC extends over 11 communes and covers around 1,700 hectares of vines.
François I was one of the first kings of France to appreciate the Hermitage crus
Climates and soils
The Crozes-Hermitage appellation benefits from a continental climate with some Mediterranean influences.
The vineyard thus enjoys hot summers and mild winters, while rainfall remains moderate.
The mistral also plays a key role here. Indeed, this cold and powerful wind dries out and ventilates the vines, thus reducing the risk of disease, while preserving the freshness of the grapes.
Regarding the types of soils found here, Crozes-Hermitage is a true geological patchwork! Between the granite slopes, alluvial soils (rolled pebbles, sand, gravel) and more clay-limestone soils, winegrowers here have a solid foundation for producing wines with diverse profiles, but always of quality.
Syrah vines within the Crozes-Hermitage AOC
The wines of Crozes-Hermitage
The Crozes-Hermitage AOC is certainly distinguished by its production of red wines. Thus, 90% of the wines here are reds, all made from the renowned Syrah grape variety while 10% of production is dedicated to white wines produced from the Marsanne and Roussanne varieties.
Red wines of Crozes-Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage red generally displays an intense purple color. The local wines are also renowned for their assertive tannins, yet round and fine, combining substance and elegance. Compared to their more powerful Hermitage neighbors, Crozes are therefore more supple and able to offer immediate pleasure, while having the capacity to age very well (7 to 8 years minimum for most crus). They are therefore perfect for those who enjoy finesse without too much power!
On the palate, expect in particular flavors of red and black fruits, spicy notes, or even a touch of violet, typical aromas of Syrah.
White wines of Crozes-Hermitage
Although less common, Crozes whites are no less appealing ! Their delicate floral aromas (hawthorn, honeysuckle) are often combined with notes of citrus, stone fruits, or even honey. A certain minerality is also regularly present during tasting.
Focused on freshness in their early youth, the local white wines gain length and balance over time, becoming even more charming and indulgents.
In general, a Crozes-Hermitage white is best enjoyed young but can easily wait 5 to 7 years in the cellar.
What to eat with a Crozes-Hermitage?
Whether red or white, Crozes-Hermitage is a wine of character deserving to be paired with dishes that match its complexity. Here are some suggestions indulgentes to whet your appetite...
Crozes-Hermitage red: an ideal companion for meat
Crozes-Hermitage red is a wine with full character. It therefore pairs easily with dishes based on white or red meats.
Why not, for example, open it with a grilled rib of beef? The tannins will perfectly soften the fat, while the spicy aromas will envelop your taste buds.
Do you enjoy comforting dishes? A slow-cooked lamb shoulder, tender and flavored with herbs, will be perfect with this wine.
If you prefer stews, let yourself be tempted by a Provençal stew or braised beef cheeks. These slow-cooked dishes reveal all the subtlety of Crozes-Hermitage red.
Are you more of a white meat fan? Guinea fowl with bacon or roast chicken with herbs are also safe bets.
So, ready to travel without leaving your table?
Slow-cooked lamb shoulder: a perfect pairing with Crozes-Hermitage red
Crozes-Hermitage white: freshness and finesse
Crozes-Hermitage white, with its floral and mineral notes, is the perfect accompaniment for lighter and more delicate dishes.
Imagine, for example, a fillet of sole or a grilled skate wing delicately drizzled with a lemon butter sauce... Crozes-Hermitage white, with its freshness, will balance everything out!
Have you ever tried lobster pasta with this type of wine? It’s a divine pairing that will leave you with an unforgettable memory !
If you prefer poultry, a lemon chicken will also work wonders with a Crozes white.
Fancy a vegetarian dish? A leek and potato gratin will be just as delicious with this wine.
And to finish in style, why not try a raclette or a fresh goat cheese for a indulgent pairing?
In summary, whether you prefer meat, rustic dishes, or exotic flavors, Crozes-Hermitage red and white can easily enhance your meal !
To make the most of your cuvées, we also recommend serving the reds of the appellation between 16-18°C and the whites around 10-12°C to respect their respective structure while revealing their aromas.
What are the best Crozes-Hermitage wines?
Although it is difficult to provide a list of the best Crozes-Hermitage, we definitely recommend those from Domaine des Hauts-Châssis !
Covering 20 hectares in the south of the AOC, this vineyard, led by Franck Faugier, took on new momentum in 1997 after leaving the cooperative estate. Since then, it has continued to progress, producing remarkable cuvées in both red and white. The vines, cultivated organically since 2017, thrive on soils of small rolled pebbles, highlighting the Syrah, the region’s flagship grape variety.
In short, Domaine des Hauts-Châssis is a must for anyone wishing to discover the best of Crozes-Hermitage!
You now know everything about the Crozes-Hermitage AOC! So why not treat yourself and discover our selection on our website La Cave Éclairée? There you will find the best wines ready to be enjoyed. Cheers and happy tasting !
