All about the Chardonnay grape variety

Whether you are a wine enthusiast or not, you have most likely heard of Chardonnay. And for good reason, it is the second most planted white grape variety in the world ! This noble variety, widely established in France in various regions such as Burgundy, Champagne, Languedoc-Roussillon , as well as Loire and Jura, has also impressively spread since the 20th century.

In this article, we will embark on a journey to discover this fabulous grape variety and explore its origins, its taste characteristics, possible food and wine pairings , and even its serving temperature.Follow the guide!

The origins of Chardonnay

The exact origin of a grape variety is always a complex matter. Chardonnay is no exception, and although different theories exist, it seems that it finds its roots in Burgundy, more precisely in the Mâconnais. It is indeed believed to be the result of a cross between the varieties Pinot Noir and Gouais Blanc carried out during the 16th century.

Appreciating its taste qualities, the monks then spread it across various French regions before its success became international during the 20th century.

Today, it is (almost) the only white grape variety planted in Burgundy, a region where it represents nearly half of the vineyard.Following the regions Champagne and Languedoc-Roussillon where Chardonnay is also very present. Other wine-growing areas such as the Loire, Jura, Savoie, and even Beaujolais cultivate it.

On an international level, it is particularly present in the United States (which is the world's largest producer), but also in Chile, Argentina, Australia, and even South Africa.

In any case, its success story is now beyond dispute, and Chardonnay is probably the most well-known variety worldwide !

The taste and aromas of Chardonnay

What makes Chardonnay so captivating is its ability to reflect its environment.Indeed, wines made from this grape variety vary significantly depending on the terroir, climate, or even their vinification and aging. It is most likely its brilliant adaptability that allows it to have a global reach.

To exaggerate, one could say that there are two main styles of Chardonnay. The first style focuses on the fruity notes of the grape variety. The wine is therefore generally aged in a neutral container (such as a stainless steel tank), not altering its intrinsic aromas. In this case, the cuvées express aromas ranging from white fruits (peach, apricot, etc.) to citrus fruits (lemon, grapefruit, etc.) including green apple. Nevertheless, even within this same style, its expression can vary considerably.For example, one will notice a significant aromatic difference between a Chablis Chardonnay expressing tension and minerality compared to a Languedoc Chardonnay with riper and more indulgent fruity notes. The other style of Chardonnay is the one aged in oak barrels. This style is particularly widespread in Burgundy within appellations such as Chassagne-Montrachet, Pouilly-Fuissé, or Meursault. Here, the texture in the mouth will be heavier, and the fruit notes will indulgently blend with woody, spicy, buttery, and brioche aromas from barrel aging.

These two styles of wines also exist among the white Champagnes of blancs (100% chardonnay therefore) : on one side the mineral chardonnays, fresh and chalky, on the other those aged in barrels, expressing power and aromatic richness.

Of course, many nuancesexist between these lines, bringing great joy to wine lovers around the world! Thus, if there are as many chardonnays as there are wines, you now know the main aromatic axes of this wonderful grape variety.

What to eat with Chardonnay ?

As you have understood, Chardonnay, thanks to its superb versatility, allows for pairing with a myriad of dishes according to its profile.

Thus, if it primarily expresses itself with simple, mineral, and fruity notes, it will pair wonderfully with summer salads , seafood (oysters, langoustines, scallops, etc.) or even white fish like Cod or Sea Bream.

Furthermore, if it has a more powerful and woody aspect, certainwhite meats (chicken, pork, etc.) or fish in sauce will then combine deliciously with it. Of course, these general rules apply in the same way for a sparkling or still Chardonnay.

At what temperature should Chardonnay be served ?

Due to the multitude of wine styles offered by Chardonnay, it should be served at a different temperature depending on its type.

Thus, simpler and lighter wines that evolve on the fruit can be served between 8-10°C . Thepowerfuland oaky wines will be ideal when offered between11-13°C. Indeed, if served too cold, they will not be able to reveal their full aromatic complexity, and you would miss out on part of the pleasure!

For champagnes, a temperature between 6-8°C is ideal for bubbles with light and mineral flavors . For gastronomic champagnes , 8-10°Cwill be an ideal range to once again best reveal all the present flavors.

All that's left is to pour yourself a glass!

What are the best Chardonnays ?

While it is impossible to provide an exhaustive list of the best Chardonnays, La Cave Éclairée offers you below a selection of its finest wines and champagnes based on it. There is something for every taste and budget, so don't hesitate and be curious...we are sure that you will find what you're looking for in this list!

Enjoy your tastings and see you soon at La Cave Éclairée !