Do you know Savagnin? If this name doesn't ring a bell, this grape variety is actually behind some of the most unique wines in France, such as the famous yellow wine from Jura …but that's not all !
This atypical and fascinating variety deserves to be known by all enthusiasts, and that is why we invite you here to discover its origins, discuss its delicious aromas, and explore the incredible food and wine pairings possible with it.
Ready to be tempted? Let's go!
Summary
History and origins of the Savagnin grape variety
Savagnin is a variety from the "Traminer" family, a group of ancient grape varieties originating from Northern Italy and Austria, which notably includes the famous Gewurztraminer.
Although there is no written mention of Savagnin during Antiquity, ampelographic studies indicate that its ancestor, the white Traminer, was likely cultivated by the Romans and introduced into Gaul through trade and military routes.
The ability of Savagnin to withstand harsh climates allowed it to develop in the cool, alpine, and limestone regions of Europe (France, Germany, Eastern Europe, etc.).
During the Middle Ages, the influence of the Cistercian monks played a decisive role in the spread and improvement of viticultural practices.Great architects of European vineyards, it is believed that they then began cultivating Savagnin after its arrival, thanks to exchanges between abbeys.
During the Renaissance, commercial exchanges intensified in Europe and Jura wines began to travel beyond their local borders. The reputation of Savagnin for producing age-worthy wines then developed.
In the 18th century, the current name "Savagnin" actually appeared. It was also during this century that the production of vin jaune, the famous and unique nectar made from Savagnin, began.But we will return…
The 19th century is a period of upheaval for viticulture, and Savagnin is no exception. The phylloxera crisis, this devastating aphid from America, decimated the vineyards, including those of Jura. Although this crisis deeply affected viticulture, it also allowed for a restructuring of the vineyards and of practices. Jura producers then redoubled their efforts to preserve this emblematic grape variety, a symbol of their winegrowing identity.
Today, Savagnin has become the symbol of the Jura region. Its ability to produce complex and timeless wines indeed makes it an essential benchmark in the world of great grape varieties.
Savagnin vines in the Jura
Where is the Savagnin grape variety cultivated?
Only 450 hectares of Savagnin are planted in France. This area remains relatively modest because the grape variety is relatively rare and concentrated in the Jura, although it is sometimes grown more marginally in other regions. The Jura production of our variety is notably established within the AOCs Château-Chalon, Arbois, Côtes du Jura and L'Étoile.
Beyond France, Savagnin has also been established under the name Traminer in Switzerland, Germany, and Italy. It can also be found in very small quantities in California, Argentina, and Australia.
Jura, the birthplace of Savagnin
The characteristics of Savagnin and its wines
Savagnin is a rustic grape variety, perfectly adapted to the cool climates and limestone soils characteristic of its original alpine terroir. Its late ripening requires a long growing period, but this feature also contributes to the aromatic complexity as well as the structure of the wines it produces.
From a botanical perspective, Savagnin is characterized by small to medium-sized clusters, often very compact, as well as round, slightly golden berries, which produce wines with a rich and dense texture.
Classic white wines
When vinified alone, Savagnin offers a unique aromatic palette. In classic dry white wines, it reveals notes of white-fleshed fruits (apple, pear), often accompanied by mineral and spicy touches.
Savagnin can also produce dry white wines blended with Chardonnay, with the characteristics of both varieties combining for our greatest pleasure.
Finally, although it is not the most common practice, blends with red grape varieties such as Trousseau and Poulsard can also exist with the aim of producing orange wines, rosés, or even straw wines.
The case of vin jaune
How can we not mention vin jaune when talking about Savagnin?! Produced in a very atypical way, it is sure to surprise the uninitiated!
Indeed, in order to produce vin jaune, only Savagnin can be used. Moreover, it must be aged for a minimum of 6 years and 3 months in barrels, without ever topping them up. Thus, year after year, the natural evaporation of the wine through the barrels (also called the "angel's share") is not replenished.A veil of yeast then forms on the surface of the liquid, oxidizing the wine in a measured and controlled manner.
Fabulous aromas develop during this aging process: curry, walnut, hazelnut, citrus fruits…vin jaune has plenty to surprise with its power, its aromatic intensity and above all its incredible longevity ! Bottles several hundred years old are sometimes tasted with the same observation : this nectar reveals a miracle and its endurance is almost unrivaled in the world of wine !
Vin Jaune: Golden Treasure of Savagnin
Which dishes to pair with the Savagnin grape variety?
Are you looking for ideas to enhance a Savagnin at the table? This grape variety, whether vinified as a dry white or as vin jaune, offers a wide range of food and wine pairings. Here are some suggestions to accompany it well.
With dry white wines
With their beautiful acidity and subtle aromas, white wines made from Savagnin pair perfectly with seafood such as oysters or scallops. Their minerality echoes the sea, delicately balancing the briny flavors. Grilled fish or fish in sauce, such as sole or sea bass, are also excellent companions, as are white meats like roast chicken or duck legs with herbs.
On the cheese side, opt for a young Comté, Morbier, or even fresh goat cheese. The acidity of Savagnin perfectly balances the creamy richness, creating a beautiful harmony on the palate.
Pair your Savagnin with delicious duck legs for a perfect match!
With yellow wine
With its aging under a veil, giving it aromas of nuts, dried fruits, and spices, yellow wine offers even bolder pairings. For example, it pairs wonderfully with poultry in sauce such as chicken with morels or roast duck.
Yellow wines are also excellent partners for cheeses. Think here of aged Comté, old Parmesan or even Mont d'Or. These powerful and sometimes creamy cheeses find a beautiful balance in the acidity and aromatic intensity of vin jaune. You can also try pairing it with a Savoyard fondue or a gratin dauphinois!
To highlight all the richness of Savagnin, it is recommended to serve dry white wines made from this grape variety between 8-10°C. For vin jaune, however, it is beneficial to serve it at around 14 to 16°C in order not to break the complexity with too much freshness.
The best wines made from the Savagnin grape variety
The Jura is full of wine treasures.Among them, the wines from domaine Jérôme Arnoux remain an essential reference.
Located in the heart of the Arbois AOC, this estate indeed offers white, yellow, and red wines crafted with care, notably highlighting the aromatic richness and unique character of Savagnin. Their vin jaune is, in this respect, a true tribute to this grape variety, not to mention their "Nuance" cuvée, a blend of Chardonnay and Savagnin.
Let yourself be tempted by their nectars, you will not be disappointed!
As you will have understood, with its unique history, captivating aromas, and original food and wine pairings, Savagnin truly stands out and deserves your attention.
So do not hesitate to choose from our selection on La Cave Éclairée !
