Have you ever heard of the Rolle grape variety ? Perhaps you know it better as Vermentino ? Grown in Corsica, Provence, and Languedoc-Roussillon, this white grape variety captivates with its freshness and unique aromas.
But where does it come from? How did Rolle carve its path through history? What types of wine can it produce, and most importantly, what should you pair them with to get the best experience? We tell you everything about this fascinating variety.Happy reading!
Summary
History and origins of the Rolle or Vermentino grape variety
The history of Rolle, also known as Vermentino in Italy, spans centuries and Mediterranean borders.His story intrigues, and his origins remain a subject of debate.
According to ampelographer Pierre Galet, the variety is said to be linked to Malvasia, a grape variety of Greek origin, and is believed to have traveled from the vineyards of Madeira to Spain, before conquering Corsica, Sardinia, and then Liguria in Italy. However, this theory is challenged by writings already mentioning Vermentino in Liguria as early as the 14th century under the name Arratelau, long before the Portuguese arrived in Madeira in the 15th century.
Its relationship with Malvasia rather suggests that this grape variety would have arrived in Italy from Greece, transported by Venetian merchants during Antiquity.At that time, the Greeks, followed by the Romans, spread viticulture throughout the Mediterranean basin, and Vermentino seems to follow these trade routes.
During the Middle Ages, Vermentino begins to be more frequently mentioned in historical writings, notably in Liguria in the 14th century. Its cultivation then spreads to the Mediterranean islands, particularly Corsica and Sardinia, where it perfectly adapts to the sunny and windy climates.
During the Renaissance, Vermentino experiences a true boom. This grape variety also flourishes from the 18th century throughout the south of France, notably in Provence and in Corsica, where well-drained soils and generous sunshine favor its development.In the 19th century, Rolle became an emblematic grape variety of Mediterranean wine regions, and its reputation continues to grow.
Today, Vermentino covers approximately 11,500 hectares worldwide, with a strong upward trend. Its leading country remains Italy, where it accounts for nearly 5 000 hectares, and France, with 3 500 hectares, also remains one of its strongholds.The variety has even been exported to the United States, Australia, and Brazil !
Pierre Galet: famous ampelographer
Where is the Rolle or Vermentino grape variety cultivated?
The Rolle is primarily cultivated in Mediterranean regions, particularly in coastal areas. Its preferred terroir remains Corsica, where it is also known as Malvoisie de Corse. The AOC Patrimonio, located in the north of the island, is the major reference for white wines based on Vermentino in the region.
In Provence, it is also found in the white wines of the appellations Côtes-de-Provence, Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence, Bandol or even in the small AOC Bellet in Nice.
Finally, Rolle is also present in Languedoc where it is considered a secondary grape variety, for example within the IGP Côtes Catalanes or the AOC Picpoul de Pinet.
You will have understood, Vermentino therefore adapts perfectly to the sunny and windy terroirs of southern France !
In Italy, it is mainly cultivated in Sardinia, where several appellations bear its name, in Liguria (region of Genoa) as well as in Tuscany.
Vines of the Giudicelli estate on the AOP Patrimonio, Corsica
The characteristics of the Rolle grape variety
Let's now examine in more detail the particularities of this wonderful grape variety !
The Vermentino is distinguished by its conical clusters, medium to large in size, and by its lobed leaves, which have between 5 and 7 lobes. At maturity, its berries with thick and firm skin take on a white hue, turning pink when they reach overripeness.
The Rolle is a late-maturing grape variety and is known for being vigorous.However, it requires a warm climate to thrive, which explains its almost exclusive presence in Mediterranean regions.
From a taste perspective, Vermentino is appreciated for its fine and fruity aromas. When vinified as a single-varietal wine, it produces a dry white wine with a pale yellow color and green reflections. Its delicate aromas evoke citrus fruits, pear, apple as well as delightful floral notes (notably honeysuckle and hawthorn).
On the palate, wines made from Rolle are generally rich, fine, and balanced, but they can sometimes lack acidity, especially when the grape variety is grown in very warm regions.
The Rolle can also be used in blending with other grape varieties such as Ugni blanc (Trebbiano bianco in Italy), Clairette, or even Grenache blanc.
The Rolle: Mediterranean grape variety with floral aromas
What to eat with a wine made from Rolle or Vermentino?
With its delicate aromas, Vermentino pairs wonderfully well with a multitude of dishes.Here are some pairing examples to whet your appetite!
- Grilled fish: whether it's with sea bream, sardines, or even calamari, the fruity and floral aromas of Vermentino enhance the delicacy of the fish.
- Seafood: serve your Vermentino wine with a seafood platter. Salty oysters or a shrimp salad are indeed a great pairing option, as are sea urchins.
To echo its favorite terroirs, Rolle also enhances Mediterranean cuisine of which here are some recipes.
- Vegetable tian: a dish rich in colors and flavors that highlights sun-kissed vegetables.
- Greek salads: the freshness of tomatoes, cucumber, and feta pairs ideally with the fruity notes of Vermentino.
- White meats and poultry: opt for roasted chicken with cream or veal escalopes with green asparagus tips. For this type of dish, choose a Vermentino with body, perhaps aged in oak barrels!
To fully enjoy the aromas of your wine, it is recommended to serve it between 11 and 13°C. The lightest cuvées of Rolle can be enjoyed around 8-10°C.
Generally, wines made from Vermentino are best consumed generally young, within 2 to 4 years following the harvest.Nevertheless, some great Vermentinos from Provence or Corsica can improve in the bottle over a small decade or more in certain cases.
Vegetable tian: a perfect match with the freshness of a Rolle or Vermentino wine
The best Rolle or Vermentino wines
If you are wondering which estates to prioritize for enjoying a quality glass of Vermentino, here are some gems that will take you on a journey !
Domaine Giudicelli
Located in Corsica, the Domaine Giudicelli stands out for its authentic wines produced using biodynamic methods, true interpretations of the region's terroir.
We recommend here the 100% Rolle in AOC Patrimonio by Muriel Giudicelli.An elegant, mineral, deep wine with a very beautiful length. Top level!
Yves Leccia
Still in Corsica within the AOC Patrimonio, Yves Leccia is a key figure in the region. His white wines made from Rolle are assertive, lively, and mineral, complemented by hints of white peach and floral notes. A must-try!
In recent years, some of his cuvées have left the AOC Patrimonio and are now labeled IGP Ile de Beauté.No matter, as long as the quality is there! In Provence, the Château Sainte-Marguerite is positioned as a reliable choice for Rolle enthusiasts. The estate produces a great white wine called "Fantastique," beautifully showcasing this grape variety. Finesse, richness, and indulgence are present. A delight! Other estates like Figuière (AOC Côtes-de-Provence) or Tempier (AOC Bandol) also use the grape in their white wines, often in blends.Do not hesitate to discover them as they are also worth your interest !
You will have understood, the Rolle grape variety is a gem that every wine lover must discover. Whether you are a fan of light white wines or looking for new flavors to accompany your dishes, Vermentino will not disappoint you.
And if you want to taste these quality wines, why not check out our selection on
